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Electric dynamometer, 1940-1960

 Folder — Box: 04, Folder: 17
Identifier: 02

Series 02 Scope and Contents

From the Series:

This series contains items used in Karpovich’s experiments in series. Included are clear boot and shoe, electric dynamometer, electrogoniometry machine, heartometer, natograph, and a watch with two artifacts of unknown use.

The clear boot and shoe were used in Karpovich's experiments on footwear during the 1950's for the US Army. These research materials can be found in Series 5b and Series 11. His research centered on experiments investigating the physiological and kinesiological aspects of footwear and how they can be improved for comfort.

The potentiometer is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact that forms and adjustable voltage divider. This device was used with the electrogoniometer which aids in measuring the degree of rotation of joints. Karpovich completed a dozen projects located in Series 5c and Series 6.

The heartometer was one of the first medical instruments to take measurements from visual means (lights actuated by the pulse), rather than by sound. This insured the most accurate way of measuring and permanently recording systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse rate, the force and character of heart action and peripheral vascular circulation throughout the extremities. Heartometers were based on the research of Mackenzie and Lewis, who pioneered graphic medical diagnosis, and also the efforts of Dr. Thomas K. Cureton, Professor and Director of Physical Education at the University of Illinois (Urbana) who adapted the Heartometer. Results were printed directly onto "Heartographs," circular paper graphs that could be interpreted by medical professionals with minimal training. The Heartometer in the collection is likely a model created in the 1960s and was made for the Philips Exeter Academy. It is not known which projects Karpovich might have used this device; however, it was a relatively ubiquitous medical device.

The natograph was an early invention by Karpovich that tested the efficiency of swimming strokes by measuring the progression of a swimmer every one fifth of a second. The word natograph is likely a synthesis of Latin natator – swimmer and Greek -graphos (something) drawn or written. It consisted of a revolving drum around which a line was fastened and attached to the swimmer’s waist or to a floating tripod over the swimmer, and a revolving contact switch to mark time intervals on a kymograph (a rotating drum holding paper on which a stylus traces a continuous record). As the line was pulled by the swimmer it revolved the drum. Project materials related to the natograph can be found in Series 17.

Dates

  • Creation: 1940-1960

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

Unrestricted

Extent

From the Series: 5 Linear Feet (1 archival box + 5 boxes of realia)

Language of Materials

From the Collection: English

Repository Details

Part of the Springfield College Archives and Special Collections Repository

Contact:
Springfield College
Judd Gymnasia
263 Alden Street
Springfield Massachusetts 01109 U.S.A. US
413-748-3309