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James Naismith Papers

 Collection — Multiple Containers
Identifier: MS-506

Collection Scope and Contents

The materials in this collection relate primarily to the life of James Naismith. The collection includes the official records from Naismith’s time at the YMCA Training School, several photographs of Naismith, Naismith’s correspondence with the College’s Alumni Association, and a page from an autograph book that Naismith filled out in 1888. There are three unpublished manuscripts about Naismith written by other people within the collection, including one by Grace Naismith, titled “The Father of Basketball was my Father-in-Law,” one by his friend, R. Tait McKenzie, titled “Reminiscences of James Naismith,” and one by Katherine Holmes Naismith, titled “The Naismith Chronicles: Being Letters by, to, and about Dr. James Naismith, Father of Basketball and other Creations Even More Beguiling – Margey, Honnie, Jack, Maudann and Jim.” The Katherine Holmes manuscript is of particular interest as it contains transcribed letters that may no longer be accessible. Additionally, there are various manuscripts written by Naismith, including “The Origin of Basketball,” from a lecture given in 1932, “An Improved Basis for Judging and Comparing the Physical Development of Children,” published in the University of Kansas Bulletin of Education in 1930, a lecture Naismith delivered in 1894 at the New England Conference of Y.M.C.A Secretaries entitled “Hygenic Work: It’s Place and Value,” and “Fundamentals of Basketball” published in the 1930s.

There are a number of letters written by Dr. James Naismith in the collection. One of the most important is the letter Naismith wrote describing how basketball was invented. The letter was written to Springfield College student Thomas J. Browne in 1898. This is one of the earliest written records of how the game of Basketball was created. Three of the letters in the collection are also transcribed in the manuscript by Katherine Holmes Naismith. This includes two partial letters, including an unsigned letter that was written on November 13, 1918 that outlines his ideas for returning soldiers from World War I to get help buying homes from cities and states and a letter dated Jan 16, 1918 to his daughter Helen. There is a letter from Naismith to his wife, Maude Naismith, dated August 13, 1916. The bulk of the letter talks about his feelings about playing sport, baseball in particular, on Sundays.

There are also materials about Naismith, including articles from newspapers and journals, information about the establishment of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, letters from Forrest C. Allen and Paul Endacott, a nomination for the “Hall of Fame of Great Americans” at NYU, and numerous scrapbook pages filled with newspaper articles, photographs, etc., including copies of scrapbook pages that contain information on early women’s basketball. Finally, there is a commemorative print of Dr. Naismith’s Petition of Membership in the Lawrence Kansas Mason Lodge, ca. 2016. The document has a picture of James Naismith with a basketball and the copy of the petition. It is number 106 of 500.

Finally, there is a folder that contains copies of materials thought to have been created by or at one time in the possession of Dr. James Naismith that are owned by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. and are online with the Canada Sports Hall of Fame. There is some documentation of what each item in that came with the copies. This is a brief outline of the materials: photographs of a whistle used by Naismith, photograph of the class of 1891, two photograph, circa 1880s-90's that may be clipped from larger photographs, some drawn basketball plays (2 pages), signed Spalding 1926-27 basketball guide, signed High Edition Rules 1932-33 (whole document), two small promotion basketball cards with signed statements, a group of photos taken of Naismith (6), Handwritten pages and notes and data on referees, more handwritten notes on Basketball evolution (maybe mid-‘30s basketball and Olympic tournament), typed documents with handwritten notes on backboard and then copies of basketball tournament, a typed version with handwritten notes of the creation of the game of basketball (may be from his book), hand-written notes on “Styles of Play” and dribbling, typed document with handwritten notes about the Origins of Games going back to the Greeks, Spalding Official Basketball Rules for 1916-1917 (only cover and title pages), and a flyer of a talk given by Dr. James Naismith at the Axtell Amusement Pavilion hand-dated 1920.

Dates

  • Creation: 1888-2016
  • Creation: Majority of material found within 1888-1961

Creator

Conditions Governing Access

Unrestricted except Box 2, Folder 29

Access to Box 2, Folder 29 requires approval by College Archivist. See Conditions Governing Access and Use Note for Box 2 folder 29 for further information.

Conditions Governing Use

Rights status not fully evaluated.

Read our full copyright statement.

Biographical Note

James Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada on November 6, 1861. He was orphaned at age ten and raised by his maternal grandmother and then uncle. Although he dropped out of high school for several years, he later returned and graduated. Naismith continued his education at McGill University in Montreal with an A.B. in 1887 and Presbyterian College—also in Montreal—with a religion degree in 1890. R. Tait McKenzie, the noted educator, physician, and sculptor, was also born in Almonte (1867), and he and Naismith were childhood friends, fellow students at McGill, and later colleagues.

In 1890 Naismith moved to Springfield, Massachusetts in order to attend the YMCA Training School (which became the International YMCA Training School in 1891 and is now Springfield College) and study physical education as a student in the School’s special one-year course. Naismith also became an instructor at the school that same year. Naismith played center on the School’s first football team under the direction of Amos Alonzo Stagg. At his 1891 commencement, Naismith read his essay “Psychology of Exercise.” During his time at the YMCA Training School (1890-1895), Naismith instructed such courses as “Animal Mechanics,” “Study of the Bible by Books,” “Psychology,” “Ethics,” “Methods of Christian Work,” “Outline Study of Man,” and “Man as an Individual.” He was also an instructor during the Physical Department’s summer sessions, instructing courses like “Anthropometry” and “Swedish System of Gymnastics” (1891). Along with fellow students A.A. Stagg, W.H. Ball, W.O. Black, and W.E. Ninde, Naismith was one of the founding editors of the Physical Department’s student publication “The Triangle,” which started in February 1891 and became “Physical Education” in March 1892. He contributed numerous articles and editorials to this journal during his time at Springfield and was also elected editor of the publishing company that developed out of this venture, the Triangle Publishing Company, alongside Luther H. Gulick, president, and Frank N. Seerley, business manager. Naismith is best known as being the father or inventor of basketball, which he created in 1891 at the YMCA Training School in an effort to provide the students with a game to play indoors during the winter months. Although he left Springfield in the mid-1890s, Naismith remained one of the College’s corporators until his death in 1939.

Naismith moved to Denver, Colorado after he had completed his training in Springfield. In Denver he served as the physical education director of the YMCA and also attended medical school at the University of Colorado. He earned his medical degree in 1898, and then he and his family moved to Kansas, where Naismith worked at the University of Kansas as an associate professor, the chapel director, and the University physician. Naismith also coached the University’s first basketball team. In 1936, Naismith traveled to Berlin, Germany to attend the first Olympic basketball game. He retired from the University of Kansas in 1937, and he died two years later on November 28, 1939 in Lawrence, Kansas.

Extent

1 Linear Feet (2 boxes + oversized materials )

Language of Materials

English

Metadata Rights Declarations

Abstract

The materials in this collection relate primarily to the life of Dr. James Naismith. Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario, Canada in 1861. He graduated from McGill University with an A.B. in 1887 and Presbyterian College in Montreal with a religion degree in 1890. From 1890-91, Naismith was both a student and an instructor at the YMCA Training School (now Springfield College), and he continued as an instructor at the International YMCA Training School until 1895. During Naismith’s second year at Springfield (winter 1891), he invented the game of basketball. Naismith continued his education with a medical degree from the University of Colorado and finally settled at the University of Kansas as a professor and coach. Naismith retired in 1937 and died in 1939.

The collection includes photographs, the official records from Naismith’s time at the YMCA Training School, three manuscripts about Naismith (one by Katherine Holmes Naismith that contains transcripts of many letters by Naismith and his family and one by his friend R. Tait McKenzie, the sculptor), a manuscript by Naismith himself entitled “The Origin of Basketball,” Naismith’s correspondence with Springfield College’s Alumni Association (primarily George O. Draper), and a few letters he wrote, including one about basketball in 1898 to T.J. Browne and one from his time in France during World War I. The rest of the collection contains materials about Naismith, including articles (written by and about Naismith), information about the establishment of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, letters from Forrest C. Allen and Paul Endacott, a nomination for the “Hall of Fame of Great Americans” at NYU, and numerous scrapbook pages filled with newspaper articles, photographs, etc. There are copies of materials from other Archives including a folder that contains copies of materials thought to have been created by or at one time in the possession of Dr. James Naismith that are owned by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment Ltd. and are online with the Canada Sports Hall of Fame and some materials from McGill.

Arrangement

The collection has no original order, so the materials have been arranged by type and—wherever possible—chronologically.

Collection History

Acquisition information for some materials within the collection is unknown. Most of the materials come directly out of records at Springfield College, though exact offices that produced those records are unknown. These materials were organized and arranged by the Archives and Special Collections.

Some materials that were never officially accessioned into the Springfield College Archives and Special Collections were collected and donated by Rachael Naismith (James Naismith’s great-granddaughter), copied from materials at the Basketball Hall of Fame (dates unknown).or were donated by T.J. Browne (letter, 1943) and Edna Gardner Lowry (copy of autograph book page, date unknown). These materials were received by the school before the Springfield College Archives and Special Collections was officially established (ca. 2000). All more recent accessions have been documented. Official documentation is available upon request.

Digitized Materials

Browse digitized materials from this collection. This collection is fully digitized.

Related Materials: Archival Materials Within Springfield College Collections

  1. Luther Halsey Gulick Papers, MS 503. https://springfield.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/445
  2. R. Tait McKenzie Papers, MS 508. https://springfield.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/439
  3. YMCA Hall of Fame Papers, RG 103. https://springfield.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/447
  4. William H. Ball Alumni Class Representative Papers, MS 527. https://springfield.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/2/resources/440
  5. Springfield College Office of the Trustees Records. International YMCA Training School Trustee Minutes and Reports, 1890 to 1898. https://cdm16122.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/SCTrustee
  6. Lee, Mabel. “Papers on Prominent Physical Educators,” AAHPERD Collection. (GV439 .M22, Box W1) https://springfield.as.atlas-sys.com/repositories/3/archival_objects/1819
  7. Athletic Department: Basketball Papers. https://cdm16122.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15370coll2/id/2166
  8. Kansas University and possible James Naismith Teaching files and documents. Unprocessed. ACQ-0086-2016
  9. Jim Naismith Family Naismith and Basketball Collection. Unprocessed. ACQ-0012-2022
  10. Springfield College Faculty Files: Rachael Naismith Folder
  11. Springfield College Vertical files: James and Maude Naismith Family Tree Project conducted by Ken Cerino (Information is restricted and only available for review by special permission from Archivist, Ken Cerino and Naismith Family)
  12. Minutes and letters of Ahikamin Circle of King’s Sons, International Young Men’s Christian Association College, 1890-1940. (LD5171.S551 A45)
  13. Springfield College Vertical Files: Maude Naismith, Naismith Family, Laurie Naismith, Ian Naismith & Other Naismith Files

Related Materials: Records Outside of Springfield College Collections

  1. Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. http://www.hoophall.com/ .
  2. Personal Papers of James Naismith. University Archives, PP 305, Kenneth Spencer Research Library, The University of Kansas. https://archives.lib.ku.edu/repositories/3/resources/3237
  3. James Naismith’s Life and Legacy: Celebrating 150 Years exhibit. The University of Kansas. https://exhibits.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/show/naismith150
  4. Radio Interview, 1939. The University of Kansas. https://exhibits.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/show/naismith150/collections/radio-interview
  5. Modern Basketball Fundamentals. The University of Kansas. https://exhibits.lib.ku.edu/exhibits/show/naismith150/collections/modern-basketball-fundamentals
  6. Naismith, James (Dr.). YMCA Biographical Files. Box 153. Folder 22. Kautz Family YMCA Archives. University of Minnesota.
  7. Kautz Family YMCA Archives. University of Minnesota.https://www.lib.umn.edu/collections/special/ymca
  8. McGill University Archives. https://mcgill.ca/library/branches/mua
  9. Photographic materials on Dr. James Naismith. McGill University Archives.
  10. James Naismith collection, 1893-1962 (bulk 1917-1961). William L. Clements Library. University of Michigan.https://quod.lib.umich.edu/c/clementsead/umich-wcl-M-4028nai?view=text
  11. “The Life and Times of Dr. James Naismith” The James Naismith Foundation & Canada’s Digital Collection, 1999. https://epe.lac-bac.gc.ca/100/205/301/ic/cdc/naismith/index.htm
  12. Naismith Basketball Foundation
  13. Museum at the Mill of Kintail

Related Materials: Books and Manuscripts

Naismith, James. Basket-ball for 1893. Springfield, Massachusetts: Triangle Publishing Company, 1893. (GV885 .N15 1893)

Naismith, James. Basketball, Its Origin and Development. New York: Association Press, 1941. (GV885 .N18 1941)

Naismith, James. Basketball’s Origins: Creative Problem-Solving in the Gilded Age. Robert B. Cheney, ed. Cambridge, New York: Bear Publications, 1976. (GV885 .N182)

Naismith, James. How Basketball Started and Why it Grew so Fast. Springfield, Massachusetts: Springfield College, 1931. (GV885 .N192)

Naismith, James. An Improved Basis for Judging and Comparing the Physical Development of Children. Lawrence, Kansas: Bureau of School Service and Research, University of Kansas, 1930. (LB3423.A2 N3)

Naismith, James. Rules for Basketball. Springfield, Massachusetts: Triangle Publishing Company, 1892. (GV885 .N15 1892)

Naismith, James and Luther Gulick. Basket-ball. New York City: American Sports Publishing Company, 1894. (GV885 .N16)

Browne, Thomas James. History, Use and Limitations of Basket Ball. 1898. (GV885 .B72)

Cosentino, Frank. Almonte’s Brothers of the Wind: R. Tait McKenzie and James Naismith. Burnstown, Ontario : General Store Publishing House, 1996. GV331 .C67 1996

Stark, Douglas. The James Naismith reader basketball in his own words. University of Nebraska Press, 2021. GV885 .N185 2021

Title
James Naismith Papers
Status
Completed
Author
Rachael A. Salyer
Date
2009-06
Description rules
Describing Archives: A Content Standard
Language of description
English
Script of description
Latin

Revision Statements

  • 2016-08: Materials added and descriptions rewritten by Jeffrey Monseau
  • 2023-01: Transferring information from the original Word document to ArchivesSpace.

Repository Details

Part of the Springfield College Archives and Special Collections Repository

Contact:
Springfield College
Judd Gymnasia
263 Alden Street
Springfield Massachusetts 01109 U.S.A. US
413-748-3309